Polyarteritis Nodosa

Polyarteritis nodosa is a rare multi-system disorder characterized by widespread inflammation, weakening, and damage to small and medium-sized arteries. Blood vessels in any organ or organ system may be affected, including those supplying the kidneys, heart, intestine, nervous system, and/or skeletal muscles. Damage to affected arteries may result in abnormally increased blood pressure (hypertension), “ballooning” (aneurysm) of an arterial wall, the formation of blood clots (thrombosis), obstruction of blood supply to certain tissues, and/or tissue damage and loss (necrosis) in certain affected areas.
Polyarteritis nodosa is more common in people with hepatitis B infection.
Symptoms

Fatigue

common

Weight loss

common

Fever

common

Skin rash and redness

  • Net-like

  • Painless

  • At back, At chest, At upper extremity except hand, At legs not feet

common

Joint pain

Poor appetite

Abdominal pain

  • Nonspecific, non-focal

or Sore abdomen

  • All abdomen

High blood pressure

or Blood in urine

or High blood pressure disease

Fingers color changes

or Open wound in lower leg or ankles

Muscle pain

Treatment
Treatment involves medications to suppress the immune system, including prednisone and cyclophosphamide. When present, underlying hepatitis B virus infection should be immediately treated. In some cases, methotrexate or leflunomide may be helpful.
Recommended specialist

If you have Polyarteritis Nodosa, then a visit to a rheumatologist is recommended.

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Rheumatologist

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