Esophageal Varices

Esophageal Varices are dilated blood vessels that can be found in the wall of the

esophagus

. This condition is usually caused by

portal hypertension

, which is a consequence of chronic liver disease. These blood vessels are not symptomatic unless they

rupture

 which could potentially be a life-threatening condition. If they rupture, they can cause the patient to vomit blood, notice bloody stool, feel dizzy or even collapse. This is a medical emergency that needs

prompt

 evaluation and treatment.
In the case of severe liver disease, your doctor might advise you to consider a liver transplant.
Symptoms

Throwing up

  • Blood in vomit

common

Black stool

or Bleeding from anus

  • Painless

common

Fatigue

common

Confusion

or Fainting

Low blood pressure

or Irregular heartbeat

or Rapid heart rate

or Dizziness

Pale inner surface of eyelids

or Unusual lightness of skin color

Risk factors

Alcohol consumption

Liver cirrhosis

or Viral infection causing liver inflammation and damage

History of hemochromatosis

History of wilson's disease

Treatment
The main aim of treating esophageal varices is to stop the bleeding and protect the lungs from filling with blood. In addition, antibiotics are also given to prevent bacteria from going into your bloodstream and causing infection. The bleeding can be stopped using different methods including

banding

,

sclerotherapy

, and

transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting (TIPS)

.
Recommended specialist

If you have Esophageal Varices, then visit a gastroenterologist as soon as possible.

Contact a

Gastroenterologist

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